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22 hours ago · Svalbard ( / ˈsvɑːlbɑːr ( d )/ SVAHL-bar (d), [4] Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsvɑ̂ːɫbɑr] ), previously known as Spitsbergen or Spitzbergen, is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. North of mainland Europe, it lies about midway between the northern coast of Norway and the North Pole. The islands of the group range from 74° to 81 ...