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Chemical structure of methane, the simplest alkane. In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical trivial name that also has other meanings), is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. In other words, an alkane consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon–carbon bonds are single.
These three kinds of alkanes are straight chain alkanes, branched chain alkanes and cycloalkanes. The general molecular formula of alkane for straight and branched-chain alkanes is CnH2n+2 and that of cyclic alkanes is CnH2n. For example in the diagram, the four hydrocarbon molecules contain 8 carbon atoms each.
Jan 23, 2023 · Alkanes are organic compounds that consist entirely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms and lack any other functional groups. Alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2 C n H 2 n + 2 and can be subdivided into the following three groups: the linear straight-chain alkanes, branched alkanes, and cycloalkanes.
Apr 4, 2018 · Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbon consist of carbon and hydrogen only without any functional group. The general formula of alkane is C n H 2n+2. Example: methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), propane (C 3 H 8) etc.
They are distinguished by the types of bonding between carbon atoms and the properties that result from that bonding. Hydrocarbons with only carbon-to-carbon single bonds (C–C) and existing as a continuous chain of carbon atoms also bonded to hydrogen atoms are called alkanes (or saturated hydrocarbons).
Nov 29, 2022 · Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons in which each carbon atom is bonded to another carbon atom and hydrogen atom by a single covalent bond (sigma bond). They are also called paraffin (the Latin word paraffin means little affinity or reactivity). Hence, alkenes are relatively unreactive towards most of the reagents like acids, bases, oxidizing ...
Nov 25, 2018 · The Structure of Alkanes. – Methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) are the first two members of the alkane family. – The figure shows Lewis structures and molecular models for Methane and Ethane. – The shape of methane is tetrahedral and all H-C-H bond angles are 109.5°.
Alkanes contain more than double the number of hydrogen atoms than carbon atoms. To calculate how many hydrogen atoms an alkane has, double the number of carbons and add two.
Alkanes are the most basic compounds in Organic Chemistry. However, they are also very important as they form the backbones of many other complex compounds. In this article, you will learn about the structure of alkane, its nomenclature, and some of its reactions.
The properties of organic molecules depend on the structure, and knowing the names of organic compounds allow us to communicate with other chemists. We'll be learning about different aspects of molecular structure, including common functional groups and conformations.
