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  1. Jan 1, 2022 · The second study is a full FPST, manipulating target race in a virtual environment while testing if the findings of the shooter bias can be replicated and dissecting the underlying cognitive processes using diffusion modeling.

  2. The term shooting bias, also known as "shooter bias", is a proposed form of implicit racial bias which refers to the apparent tendency among the police to shoot black civilians more often than white civilians, even when they are unarmed.

  3. May 1, 2017 · Participants showed a so-called shooter bias: A significant interaction in reaction times with faster ‘shoot’ responses for armed Arab-Muslim targets compared to armed White targets (η p 2 = .11, 90% CI [.04; .18]). This provides evidence that the shooter bias is robust against context variations.

  4. Feb 1, 2023 · Some studies with police officers observed shooter biases in reaction times. In a seminal study by Correll et al. (2007), police officers displayed a shooter bias in reaction times, responding more slowly to White targets holding guns and more slowly to Black targets holding harmless objects.

  5. Jan 1, 2022 · Abstract and Figures. A rich body of research points to racial biases in so-called police officer dilemma tasks: participants are generally faster and less error-prone to “shoot” (vs. not ...

  6. shooting. A robust shooter bias literature could provide insights into why an officer violated procedure or behaved recklessly or negligently, but the key decisions—whetherprocedure was vio-lated, whether the officer was reckless or negligent—cannot be informed by shooter bias research. How Can Shooter Bias Inform the Public?

  7. Dec 4, 2017 · Police shooting deaths of unarmed Blacks and African Americans led to psychological research on the influence of racial stereotypes on decisions to shoot, an effect called shooter bias. This article investigates how contextual cues signaling threat or safety interact with the race of the target to moderate shooter bias.